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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2008) - Vietnam (2006)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2008) z Vietnam (2006)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2008)Vietnam (2006)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsVietnam
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 59 provinces (tinh, singular and plural) and 5 municipalities (thanh pho, singular and plural)


provinces: An Giang, Bac Giang, Bac Kan, Bac Lieu, Bac Ninh, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Ben Tre, Binh Dinh, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Binh Thuan, Ca Mau, Cao Bang, Dac Lak, Dac Nong, Dien Bien, Dong Nai, Dong Thap, Gia Lai, Ha Giang, Ha Nam, Ha Tay, Ha Tinh, Hai Duong, Hau Giang, Hoa Binh, Hung Yen, Khanh Hoa, Kien Giang, Kon Tum, Lai Chau, Lam Dong, Lang Son, Lao Cai, Long An, Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ninh Binh, Ninh Thuan, Phu Tho, Phu Yen, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Quang Ninh, Quang Tri, Soc Trang, Son La, Tay Ninh, Thai Binh, Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa, Thua Thien-Hue, Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Tuyen Quang, Vinh Long, Vinh Phuc, Yen Bai


municipalities: Can Tho, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA
0-14 years: 27% (male 11,826,457/female 10,983,069)


15-64 years: 67.1% (male 28,055,941/female 28,614,553)


65 years and over: 5.8% (male 1,924,562/female 2,998,384) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts paddy rice, coffee, rubber, cotton, tea, pepper, soybeans, cashews, sugar cane, peanuts, bananas; poultry; fish, seafood
Airports 1 (2007) 32 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
total: 26


over 3,047 m: 8


2,438 to 3,047 m: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 11


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 329,560 sq km


land: 325,360 sq km


water: 4,200 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly larger than New Mexico
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. From the 1820s to 1978, members of the CLUNIE-ROSS family controlled the islands and the copra produced from local coconuts. Annexed by the UK in 1857, the Cocos Islands were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. The conquest of Vietnam by France began in 1858 and was completed by 1884. It became part of French Indochina in 1887. Vietnam declared independence after World War II, but France continued to rule until its 1954 defeat by Communist forces under Ho Chi MINH. Under the Geneva Accords of 1954, Vietnam was divided into the Communist North and anti-Communist South. US economic and military aid to South Vietnam grew through the 1960s in an attempt to bolster the government, but US armed forces were withdrawn following a cease-fire agreement in 1973. Two years later, North Vietnamese forces overran the South reuniting the country under Communist rule. Despite the return of peace, for over a decade the country experienced little economic growth because of conservative leadership policies. However, since the enactment of Vietnam's "doi moi" (renovation) policy in 1986, Vietnamese authorities have committed to increased economic liberalization and enacted structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. The country continues to experience protests from various groups - such as the Protestant Montagnard ethnic minority population of the Central Highlands and the Hoa Hao Buddhists in southern Vietnam over religious persecution. Montagnard grievances also include the loss of land to Vietnamese settlers.
Birth rate NA 16.86 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues: $11.64 billion


expenditures: $12.95 billion; including capital expenditures of $1.8 billion (2005 est.)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 50 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
name: Hanoi


geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E


time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season (May to September) and warm, dry season (October to March)
Coastline 26 km 3,444 km (excludes islands)
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 15 April 1992
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form: Socialist Republic of Vietnam


conventional short form: Vietnam


local long form: Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Nghia Viet Nam


local short form: Viet Nam


abbreviation: SRV
Death rate NA 6.22 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external - $20.16 billion (2005 est.)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Attorney-General's Department -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Michael W. MARINE


embassy: 7 Lang Ha Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi


mailing address: PSC 461, Box 400, FPO AP 96521-0002


telephone: [84] (4) 772-1500


FAX: [84] (4) 772-1510


consulate(s) general: Ho Chi Minh City
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Nguyen Tam CHIEN


chancery: 1233 20th Street NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 861-0737


FAX: [1] (202) 861-0917


consulate(s) general: San Francisco
Disputes - international none southeast Asian states have enhanced border surveillance to check the spread of avian flu; Cambodia and Laos protest Vietnamese squatters and armed encroachments along border; after years of Cambodia claiming Vietnam had moved or destroyed boundary markers, in 2005, after much domestic debate, Cambodia ratified an agreement with Vietnam that settled all but a small portion of the land boundary; establishment of a maritime boundary with Cambodia is hampered by unresolved dispute over offshore islands; in 2004, Laotian-Vietnamese boundary commission agrees to erect missing markers in two adjoining provinces; demarcation of the China-Vietnam boundary proceeds slowly and although the maritime boundary delimitation and fisheries agreements were ratified in June 2004, implementation has been delayed; China occupies Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; involved in complex dispute with China, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, and possibly Brunei over the Spratly Islands; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants; Vietnam continues to expand construction of facilities in the Spratly Islands; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands
Economic aid - recipient $NA $2.8 billion in credits and grants pledged by international donors for 2000 (2004)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Vietnam is a densely-populated, developing country that in the last 30 years has had to recover from the ravages of war, the loss of financial support from the old Soviet Bloc, and the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy. Substantial progress was achieved from 1986 to 1997 in moving forward from an extremely low level of development and significantly reducing poverty. Growth averaged around 9% per year from 1993 to 1997. The 1997 Asian financial crisis highlighted the problems in the Vietnamese economy and temporarily allowed opponents of reform to slow progress toward a market-oriented economy. GDP growth averaged 6.8% per year from 1997 to 2004 even against the background of the Asian financial crisis and a global recession, and growth hit 8% in 2005. Since 2001, however, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to economic liberalization and international integration. They have moved to implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. Vietnam's membership in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and entry into force of the US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement in December 2001 have led to even more rapid changes in Vietnam's trade and economic regime. Vietnam's exports to the US doubled in 2002 and again in 2003. Vietnam hopes to become a member of the WTO in 2006. Among other benefits, accession would allow Vietnam to take advantage of the phase out of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, which eliminated quotas on textiles and clothing for WTO partners on 1 January 2005. Agriculture's share of economic output has continued to shrink, from about 25% in 2000 to 21% in 2005. Deep poverty, defined as a percent of the population living under $1 per day, has declined significantly and is now smaller than that of China, India, and the Philippines. Vietnam is working to promote job creation to keep up with the country's high population growth rate. However, high levels of inflation have prompted Vietnamese authorities to tighten monetary and fiscal policies.
Electricity - consumption - 52 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports - NA kWh
Electricity - imports - NA kWh
Electricity - production - 46.2 billion kWh (2004)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Fan Si Pan 3,144 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs logging and slash-and-burn agricultural practices contribute to deforestation and soil degradation; water pollution and overfishing threaten marine life populations; groundwater contamination limits potable water supply; growing urban industrialization and population migration are rapidly degrading environment in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khome 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nun 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003) dong per US dollar - 15,746 (2005), (2004), 15,510 (2003), 15,280 (2002), 14,725 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state: President Nguyen Minh TRIET (since 27 June 2006); Vice President Truong My HOA (since 25 July 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Nguyen Tan DUNG (since 27 June 2006); Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Sinh HUNG (since 28 June 2006), Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia KHIEM (since 28 June 2006), and Deputy Prime Minister Truong Vinh TRONG (since 28 June 2006)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president based on proposal of prime minister and confirmed by National Assembly


elections: president elected by the National Assembly from among its members for five-year term; election last held 27 June 2006; prime minister appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers appointed by the prime minister; appointment of prime minister and deputy prime ministers confirmed by National Assembly


election results: Nguyen Minh TRIET elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 94%; Nguyen Tan DUNG elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - 92%
Exports $NA NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities copra crude oil, marine products, rice, coffee, rubber, tea, garments, shoes
Exports - partners Australia (2006) US 21.2%, Japan 13.3%, Australia 8.4%, China 7.5%, Singapore 5.3%, Germany 5% (2005)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used red with a large yellow five-pointed star in the center
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 20.9%


industry: 41%


services: 38.1% (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 8.5% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 16 00 N, 106 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation extending 1,650 km north to south, the country is only 50 km across at its narrowest point
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 3.6%


highest 10%: 29.9% (1998)
Illicit drugs - minor producer of opium poppy; probable minor transit point for Southeast Asian heroin; government continues to face domestic opium/heroin/methamphetamine addiction problems despite longstanding crackdowns
Imports $NA NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities foodstuffs machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer, steel products, raw cotton, grain, cement, motorcycles
Imports - partners Australia (2006) China 16.3%, Singapore 12.8%, Taiwan 11.7%, Japan 10.4%, South Korea 9.9%, Thailand 6.8% (2005)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 2 September 1945 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - 17.2% (2005 est.)
Industries copra products and tourism food processing, garments, shoes, machine-building; mining, coal, steel; cement, chemical fertilizer, glass, tires, oil, paper
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total: 25.14 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 25.54 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 24.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 8.3% (2005 est.)
International organization participation none ACCT (observer), APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land NA 30,000 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Supreme People's Court (chief justice is elected for a five-year term by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president)
Labor force NA 44.39 million (2005 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others agriculture: 56.8%


industry: 37%


services: 6.2% (July 2005)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 4,639 km


border countries: Cambodia 1,228 km, China 1,281 km, Laos 2,130 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 20.14%


permanent crops: 6.93%


other: 72.93% (2005)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws based on communist legal theory and French civil law system
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
unicameral National Assembly or Quoc-Hoi (498 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 19 May 2002 (next to be held 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - CPV 90%, other 10% (the 10% are not CPV members but are approved by the CPV to stand for election); seats by party - CPV 447, CPV-approved 51
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 70.85 years


male: 68.05 years


female: 73.85 years (2006 est.)
Literacy NA definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 90.3%


male: 93.9%


female: 86.9% (2002)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia
Map references Southeast Asia Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine - total: 267 ships (1000 GRT or over) 1,423,936 GRT/2,191,858 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 23, cargo 202, chemical tanker 4, container 5, liquefied gas 5, petroleum tanker 24, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1


foreign-owned: 1 (Denmark 1)


registered in other countries: 17 (Antigua and Barbuda 1, Honduras 1, Mongolia 8, Panama 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, unknown 2) (2006)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - People's Armed Forces: People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) (includes People's Navy Command (with naval infantry, coast guard), Air and Air Defense Force (Kon Quan Nhan Dan), Border Defense Command), People's Public Security Forces, Militia Force, Self-Defense Forces (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $650 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 2.5% (FY98)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Independence Day, 2 September (1945)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun: Vietnamese (singular and plural)


adjective: Vietnamese
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April occasional typhoons (May to January) with extensive flooding, especially in the Mekong River delta
Natural resources fish phosphates, coal, manganese, bauxite, chromate, offshore oil and gas deposits, forests, hydropower
Net migration rate NA -0.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines - condensate/gas 432 km; gas 163 km; oil 50 km; refined products 206 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders none only party - Communist Party of Vietnam or CPV [Nong Duc MANH]
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 596 (July 2007 est.) 84,402,966 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line - 19.5% (2004 est.)
Population growth rate 0% (2007 est.) 1.02% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 65, FM 7, shortwave 29 (1999)
Railways - total: 2,600 km


standard gauge: 178 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 2,169 km 1.000-m gauge


dual gauge: 253 km three-rail track combining 1.435 m and 1.000-m gauges (2005)
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Buddhist 9.3%, Catholic 6.7%, Hoa Hao 1.5%, Cao Dai 1.1%, Protestant 0.5%, Muslim 0.1%, none 80.8% (1999 census)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage NA 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station (2001)
general assessment: Vietnam is putting considerable effort into modernization and expansion of its telecommunication system, but its performance continues to lag behind that of its more modern neighbors


domestic: all provincial exchanges are digitalized and connected to Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City by fiber-optic cable or microwave radio relay networks; main lines have been substantially increased, and the use of mobile telephones is growing rapidly


international: country code - 84; satellite earth stations - 2 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 15.845 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 9.593 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations NA 6 (plus 61 provincial TV stations) (2006)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls low, flat delta in south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous in far north and northwest
Total fertility rate NA 1.91 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 2.4% (2005 est.)
Waterways - 17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft) (2005)
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